Distribution

General

Correlations

Spatial

Overall

Linguistic

Political

Social

Economic

Psychological

Descriptives

Years in US

Gender

Spider chart

Citizenship status

Highest education level

English proficiency

Speak

Read

Income

Unemployment

Country of birth

Household size

Weighted Regressions

Baseline characteristics

Model: \[ipl12s = female + read + speak + householdSize + homeCountry + educationLevel + \epsilon\]

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.214*** -0.250*** 0.122*** 0.021 0.382*** 0.669*** 0.374***
  (0.018) (0.000) (0.046) (0.036) (0.042) (0.041) (0.045)
female -0.023*** -0.000 -0.019 -0.017 -0.073*** -0.038** -0.005
  (0.008) (0.000) (0.019) (0.016) (0.018) (0.017) (0.018)
read 0.042*** 0.125*** 0.034*** 0.049*** 0.008 0.001 0.043***
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
speak 0.037*** 0.125*** 0.016 0.029** 0.009 0.020* 0.011
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
householdSize 0.001 -0.000*** -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.008** -0.001
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.003) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.015 0.000* 0.024 0.037 0.007 -0.154*** -0.003
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.055*** 0.000 0.198*** 0.075*** -0.053* 0.050** 0.040
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.029) (0.027) (0.029) (0.025) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.004 -0.000 0.067** -0.004 -0.046* -0.078*** 0.038
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.025) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.018 0.000 0.028 -0.077* -0.032 -0.066 0.215***
  (0.024) (0.000) (0.057) (0.046) (0.054) (0.048) (0.053)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.030** 0.000 0.209*** -0.017 0.006 -0.093*** 0.028
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
educationTercilesMedium education -0.000 -0.000 0.027 0.002 0.031 -0.030 -0.013
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.021) (0.020) (0.022) (0.020) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.007 0.000 0.098*** 0.017 0.045* -0.049** -0.065**
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.026) (0.025) (0.026) (0.023) (0.025)
R2 0.512 1.000 0.211 0.199 0.067 0.108 0.083
Adj. R2 0.506 1.000 0.202 0.190 0.056 0.098 0.072
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.298 0.000 0.699 0.658 0.656 0.636 0.681
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Years in US

Model: \[ipl12s = yearsInUS + \epsilon\]

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.411*** 0.426*** 0.283*** 0.247*** 0.359*** 0.638*** 0.498***
  (0.010) (0.020) (0.016) (0.014) (0.015) (0.014) (0.015)
years_in_us 0.016*** 0.020*** 0.022*** 0.013*** 0.006 0.013*** 0.012***
  (0.003) (0.005) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
R2 0.057 0.021 0.033 0.012 0.003 0.015 0.012
Adj. R2 0.056 0.021 0.032 0.012 0.002 0.014 0.011
Num. obs. 963 1129 1078 1113 1039 1115 1102
RMSE 0.413 0.886 0.767 0.730 0.681 0.671 0.710
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Loess curves:

Years in US + Baseline characteristics

Model: \[ipl12s = yearsInUS + female + read + speak + householdSize + homeCountry + educationLevel + \epsilon\]

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.205*** -0.250*** 0.098** 0.017 0.373*** 0.668*** 0.365***
  (0.019) (0.000) (0.046) (0.037) (0.043) (0.040) (0.045)
years_in_us 0.005** -0.000*** 0.011** 0.002 0.004 0.001 0.005
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.005) (0.004) (0.005) (0.004) (0.005)
female -0.022*** -0.000 -0.019 -0.017 -0.073*** -0.038** -0.004
  (0.008) (0.000) (0.019) (0.016) (0.019) (0.017) (0.018)
read 0.042*** 0.125*** 0.034*** 0.049*** 0.008 0.001 0.043***
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
speak 0.036*** 0.125*** 0.013 0.028** 0.009 0.020* 0.010
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
householdSize 0.000 -0.000*** -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.008** -0.001
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.003) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.016 0.000** 0.021 0.037 0.007 -0.154*** -0.004
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.044*** 0.000* 0.170*** 0.071** -0.063** 0.049* 0.029
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.029) (0.031) (0.027) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.006 0.000 0.062** -0.005 -0.048* -0.078*** 0.036
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.026) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.010 0.000 0.007 -0.079* -0.039 -0.067 0.207***
  (0.025) (0.000) (0.058) (0.046) (0.055) (0.049) (0.053)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.035** 0.000*** 0.222*** -0.015 0.010 -0.093*** 0.033
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.030) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
educationTercilesMedium education 0.000 -0.000 0.027 0.002 0.032 -0.030 -0.013
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.021) (0.020) (0.022) (0.020) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.008 0.000 0.098*** 0.017 0.044* -0.049** -0.065**
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.026) (0.025) (0.026) (0.023) (0.026)
R2 0.515 1.000 0.217 0.199 0.068 0.108 0.084
Adj. R2 0.509 1.000 0.208 0.190 0.056 0.097 0.073
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.297 0.000 0.696 0.658 0.656 0.637 0.681
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Years in US + Baseline characteristics + State fixed effects

Model: \[ipl12s = yearsInUS + female + read + speak + householdSize + homeCountry + educationLevel + currentState + \epsilon\]

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
years_in_us 0.005** -0.000*** 0.011** 0.001 0.006 -0.000 0.006
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.005) (0.004) (0.005) (0.005) (0.005)
female -0.017** -0.000* -0.016 -0.015 -0.064*** -0.030* 0.005
  (0.008) (0.000) (0.021) (0.017) (0.019) (0.018) (0.018)
read 0.040*** 0.125*** 0.030** 0.041*** 0.011 0.001 0.047***
  (0.007) (0.000) (0.014) (0.013) (0.012) (0.013) (0.014)
speak 0.037*** 0.125*** 0.013 0.035*** 0.006 0.017 0.008
  (0.007) (0.000) (0.014) (0.013) (0.012) (0.013) (0.015)
householdSize 0.001 0.000*** -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.009** -0.000
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.023 0.000 0.014 0.011 0.038 -0.187*** 0.011
  (0.016) (0.000) (0.036) (0.034) (0.034) (0.033) (0.036)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.040** -0.000 0.173*** 0.063* -0.038 0.019 0.032
  (0.017) (0.000) (0.035) (0.034) (0.034) (0.032) (0.035)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.011 -0.000 0.056* -0.024 -0.024 -0.102*** 0.037
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.031) (0.028) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedSomalia -0.012 -0.000 -0.014 -0.063 -0.032 -0.128** 0.120**
  (0.027) (0.000) (0.070) (0.044) (0.064) (0.056) (0.060)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.027 0.000 0.218*** -0.038 0.026 -0.118*** 0.020
  (0.017) (0.000) (0.038) (0.034) (0.037) (0.035) (0.038)
educationTercilesMedium education -0.000 -0.000 0.026 0.002 0.037* -0.028 -0.013
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.023) (0.021) (0.022) (0.021) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.013 -0.000* 0.103*** 0.025 0.049* -0.032 -0.059**
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.027) (0.027) (0.027) (0.025) (0.026)
R2 0.546 1.000 0.268 0.254 0.119 0.143 0.156
Adj. R2 0.518 1.000 0.226 0.213 0.069 0.095 0.109
Num. obs. 857 991 941 971 914 974 966
RMSE 0.296 0.000 0.693 0.654 0.657 0.639 0.671
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Interactions

Female \(\times\) Years in US

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.201*** -0.250*** 0.102** 0.022 0.366*** 0.662*** 0.356***
  (0.018) (0.000) (0.048) (0.037) (0.043) (0.041) (0.046)
female -0.008 -0.000 -0.035 -0.034 -0.048 -0.015 0.027
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.034) (0.029) (0.032) (0.030) (0.034)
years_in_us 0.006** -0.000*** 0.010* -0.000 0.007 0.003 0.008
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.006) (0.005) (0.005) (0.005) (0.005)
read 0.042*** 0.125*** 0.035*** 0.049*** 0.007 0.000 0.041***
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
speak 0.036*** 0.125*** 0.013 0.028** 0.009 0.021* 0.011
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
householdSize 0.000 -0.000*** -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.008** -0.001
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.003) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.016 0.000 0.021 0.037 0.006 -0.155*** -0.005
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.044*** 0.000** 0.171*** 0.072** -0.064** 0.047* 0.028
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.032) (0.029) (0.031) (0.027) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.007 0.000 0.063** -0.003 -0.049* -0.080*** 0.034
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.026) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.011 0.000 0.007 -0.079* -0.038 -0.068 0.207***
  (0.025) (0.000) (0.057) (0.046) (0.055) (0.049) (0.053)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.033** 0.000 0.225*** -0.013 0.007 -0.097*** 0.028
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.032) (0.031) (0.031) (0.029) (0.033)
educationTercilesMedium education 0.001 -0.000 0.026 0.001 0.033 -0.029 -0.012
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.021) (0.020) (0.022) (0.020) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.008 -0.000 0.098*** 0.017 0.045* -0.049** -0.065**
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.026) (0.025) (0.026) (0.023) (0.025)
female:years_in_us -0.004 -0.000 0.004 0.005 -0.007 -0.007 -0.009
  (0.004) (0.000) (0.009) (0.007) (0.009) (0.008) (0.009)
R2 0.516 1.000 0.218 0.200 0.069 0.109 0.085
Adj. R2 0.509 1.000 0.207 0.189 0.056 0.097 0.073
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.297 0.000 0.696 0.658 0.656 0.637 0.681
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Read \(\times\) Years in US

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.218*** -0.250*** 0.145** 0.026 0.419*** 0.705*** 0.392***
  (0.022) (0.000) (0.057) (0.044) (0.050) (0.050) (0.057)
female -0.022** -0.000 -0.018 -0.017 -0.072*** -0.038** -0.004
  (0.008) (0.000) (0.019) (0.016) (0.019) (0.017) (0.018)
read 0.038*** 0.125*** 0.018 0.046*** -0.008 -0.011 0.033*
  (0.007) (0.000) (0.017) (0.016) (0.015) (0.015) (0.017)
years_in_us 0.001 0.000*** -0.002 -0.001 -0.010 -0.010 -0.004
  (0.005) (0.000) (0.011) (0.008) (0.010) (0.010) (0.013)
speak 0.036*** 0.125*** 0.013 0.029** 0.009 0.020* 0.010
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
householdSize 0.001 -0.000 -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.008** -0.001
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.003) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.016 -0.000*** 0.019 0.036 0.006 -0.155*** -0.005
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.043*** -0.000* 0.167*** 0.070** -0.067** 0.045 0.027
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.030) (0.032) (0.028) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.006 -0.000*** 0.060** -0.005 -0.049* -0.080*** 0.035
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.026) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.010 -0.000 0.007 -0.079* -0.037 -0.067 0.207***
  (0.025) (0.000) (0.057) (0.046) (0.055) (0.049) (0.053)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.034** -0.000** 0.217*** -0.016 0.006 -0.096*** 0.031
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.030) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
educationTercilesMedium education 0.000 0.000 0.028 0.002 0.032 -0.030 -0.013
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.021) (0.020) (0.022) (0.020) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.007 -0.000 0.096*** 0.017 0.043 -0.051** -0.066**
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.025) (0.025) (0.026) (0.023) (0.026)
read:years_in_us 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.004 0.003 0.003
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.003) (0.003) (0.003) (0.003) (0.004)
R2 0.516 1.000 0.219 0.200 0.071 0.110 0.085
Adj. R2 0.509 1.000 0.209 0.189 0.058 0.098 0.073
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.297 0.000 0.696 0.658 0.655 0.636 0.681
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Speak \(\times\) Years in US

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.209*** -0.250*** 0.114* -0.003 0.439*** 0.711*** 0.381***
  (0.022) (0.000) (0.058) (0.044) (0.050) (0.049) (0.056)
female -0.022*** -0.000 -0.019 -0.017 -0.073*** -0.038** -0.004
  (0.008) (0.000) (0.019) (0.016) (0.019) (0.017) (0.018)
read 0.042*** 0.125*** 0.034*** 0.048*** 0.007 0.001 0.043***
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.013) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
speak 0.034*** 0.125*** 0.008 0.035** -0.014 0.005 0.004
  (0.007) (0.000) (0.017) (0.016) (0.015) (0.015) (0.017)
years_in_us 0.003 0.000 0.007 0.007 -0.016* -0.011 -0.000
  (0.005) (0.000) (0.012) (0.008) (0.009) (0.009) (0.012)
householdSize 0.001 -0.000*** -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.008** -0.001
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.003) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.016 0.000** 0.020 0.037 0.005 -0.156*** -0.005
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.044*** 0.000*** 0.169*** 0.073** -0.071** 0.044 0.027
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.030) (0.032) (0.027) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.006 0.000*** 0.061** -0.004 -0.050* -0.081*** 0.036
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.026) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.010 0.000* 0.007 -0.080* -0.038 -0.067 0.207***
  (0.025) (0.000) (0.058) (0.046) (0.055) (0.049) (0.053)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.035** 0.000*** 0.220*** -0.012 0.002 -0.099*** 0.031
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.032) (0.031) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
educationTercilesMedium education 0.000 -0.000 0.027 0.001 0.033 -0.028 -0.012
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.021) (0.020) (0.022) (0.020) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.008 -0.000 0.098*** 0.018 0.043 -0.050** -0.065**
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.026) (0.025) (0.026) (0.023) (0.026)
speak:years_in_us 0.000 0.000 0.001 -0.002 0.007** 0.004 0.002
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.003) (0.003) (0.003) (0.003) (0.003)
R2 0.515 1.000 0.218 0.200 0.074 0.110 0.084
Adj. R2 0.508 1.000 0.207 0.190 0.061 0.099 0.072
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.297 0.000 0.696 0.658 0.654 0.636 0.681
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Household size \(\times\) Years in US

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.183*** -0.250*** 0.093* 0.030 0.359*** 0.672*** 0.281***
  (0.022) (0.000) (0.055) (0.043) (0.055) (0.050) (0.050)
female -0.023*** -0.000 -0.019 -0.016 -0.073*** -0.038** -0.008
  (0.008) (0.000) (0.019) (0.016) (0.019) (0.017) (0.018)
read 0.042*** 0.125*** 0.034*** 0.049*** 0.008 0.001 0.043***
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
speak 0.036*** 0.125*** 0.013 0.029** 0.009 0.020* 0.009
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
householdSize 0.005* -0.000 -0.005 0.002 -0.001 0.008 0.018**
  (0.003) (0.000) (0.008) (0.006) (0.008) (0.007) (0.007)
years_in_us 0.011** -0.000 0.013 -0.002 0.008 -0.000 0.031***
  (0.005) (0.000) (0.010) (0.008) (0.012) (0.008) (0.010)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.015 0.000* 0.021 0.036 0.007 -0.154*** -0.001
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.031)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.044*** 0.000*** 0.170*** 0.071** -0.063** 0.049* 0.026
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.029) (0.031) (0.027) (0.031)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.006 0.000* 0.062** -0.005 -0.048* -0.078*** 0.035
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.025) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.013 0.000 0.007 -0.081* -0.037 -0.067 0.217***
  (0.024) (0.000) (0.058) (0.046) (0.055) (0.049) (0.053)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.035** 0.000* 0.222*** -0.015 0.010 -0.093*** 0.033
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.030) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
educationTercilesMedium education -0.000 -0.000 0.026 0.002 0.032 -0.030 -0.015
  (0.010) (0.000) (0.021) (0.020) (0.022) (0.020) (0.021)
educationTercilesHigh education 0.007 -0.000** 0.098*** 0.018 0.044* -0.049** -0.068***
  (0.012) (0.000) (0.026) (0.025) (0.026) (0.023) (0.025)
householdSize:years_in_us -0.001* -0.000** -0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000 -0.006***
  (0.001) (0.000) (0.002) (0.002) (0.002) (0.002) (0.002)
R2 0.517 1.000 0.217 0.200 0.068 0.108 0.095
Adj. R2 0.510 1.000 0.207 0.189 0.055 0.096 0.083
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.297 0.000 0.696 0.658 0.656 0.637 0.677
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

Education terciles \(\times\) Years in US

Statistical models
  Overall Linguistic Political Social Economic Psychological Navigational
(Intercept) 0.213*** -0.250*** 0.124** 0.021 0.394*** 0.694*** 0.384***
  (0.021) (0.000) (0.050) (0.040) (0.046) (0.043) (0.049)
female -0.022*** 0.000*** -0.021 -0.017 -0.074*** -0.039** -0.006
  (0.009) (0.000) (0.019) (0.017) (0.019) (0.017) (0.018)
read 0.042*** 0.125*** 0.032** 0.048*** 0.007 -0.000 0.042***
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
speak 0.036*** 0.125*** 0.015 0.029** 0.009 0.021* 0.012
  (0.006) (0.000) (0.013) (0.014) (0.011) (0.012) (0.013)
householdSize 0.001 0.000*** -0.006 0.005 -0.004 0.009** -0.001
  (0.002) (0.000) (0.004) (0.003) (0.004) (0.004) (0.004)
bcountryBinnedCongo - Kinshasa -0.016 0.000*** 0.023 0.036 0.007 -0.156*** -0.002
  (0.014) (0.000) (0.032) (0.030) (0.030) (0.029) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedIraq 0.043*** 0.000*** 0.168*** 0.070** -0.066** 0.041 0.027
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.031) (0.030) (0.031) (0.027) (0.032)
bcountryBinnedOther -0.006 0.000*** 0.065** -0.005 -0.046* -0.080*** 0.039
  (0.013) (0.000) (0.028) (0.026) (0.028) (0.026) (0.029)
bcountryBinnedSomalia 0.013 0.000* 0.017 -0.078* -0.032 -0.061 0.215***
  (0.025) (0.000) (0.057) (0.047) (0.055) (0.049) (0.054)
bcountryBinnedUkraine 0.037** 0.000*** 0.231*** -0.014 0.016 -0.089*** 0.042
  (0.015) (0.000) (0.032) (0.031) (0.031) (0.029) (0.032)
educationTercilesMedium education -0.013 0.000 -0.033 -0.004 -0.008 -0.061* -0.063*
  (0.017) (0.000) (0.039) (0.032) (0.037) (0.035) (0.037)
educationTercilesHigh education -0.009 0.000** 0.061 0.009 0.008 -0.110*** -0.092**
  (0.018) (0.000) (0.041) (0.037) (0.044) (0.036) (0.043)
years_in_us 0.002 0.000 0.003 0.000 -0.003 -0.007 -0.002
  (0.004) (0.000) (0.008) (0.006) (0.007) (0.007) (0.007)
educationTercilesMedium education:years_in_us 0.004 -0.000 0.017 0.002 0.012 0.009 0.014
  (0.005) (0.000) (0.011) (0.009) (0.009) (0.009) (0.010)
educationTercilesHigh education:years_in_us 0.005 0.000*** 0.011 0.002 0.010 0.016** 0.008
  (0.005) (0.000) (0.010) (0.009) (0.010) (0.008) (0.010)
R2 0.516 1.000 0.221 0.200 0.070 0.112 0.087
Adj. R2 0.508 1.000 0.209 0.188 0.056 0.100 0.074
Num. obs. 889 1031 980 1010 952 1014 1002
RMSE 0.297 0.000 0.695 0.659 0.656 0.636 0.681
***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1